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Table 1 Classification and data sources of impact factors

From: Evaluation of Chinese traditional military settlements’ defensive capabilities via principal component analysis (PCA): a case study of coastal Wei forts in the Ming dynasty

Category

Impact factor

Description

Single defensive capability (A)

Military strength (A1)

Number of troops(A1-1)

Historical information of the Wei fort

Defensive construction (A2)

Perimeter (A2-1)

Wall height (A2-2)

Wall thickness (A2-3)

The width of the moat (A2-4)

Number of gates (A2-5)

Coordinated defensive capability (B)

Settlement accessibility (B1)

The nearest distance between a Wei fort and other Wei forts (B1-1)

Calculated in ArcGIS based on the geographical location

The nearest distance between a Wei fort and other Suo forts (B1-2)

Assistant settlements (B2)

Number of Bao (B2-1)

Historical information of the Wei fort

Number of Xunjiansi (B2-2)

Information and material transfer (B3)

Number of post stations (B3-1)

Number of beacon towers (B3-2)

Jurisdictional control capacity (C)

Population (C1)

Population (C1-1)

The average for the state where the Wei fort is located. e.g. C1-1 = the population for the whole state/the number of Wei fort in this state

Economics (C2)

Tax (C2-1)

Food (C3)

Grain output (C3-1)